Mango malformation. -- A review.
Dang J. K., Daulta B. S.
Author Affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India.
Pesticides 16 : 5-11
Abstract : In this general review of the literature on the disorders of mango causing malformations, with reference especially to India, the symptoms, causes, biochemical aspects, varietal resistance and cultural and chemical control are discussed. Mango malformation is of 2 main types, floral and vegetative (witches' broom). Both types can be caused by mites, and Aceria mangiferae Sayed, Typhlodromus roshanlali Narayanan & Ghai, Anthoseius rhenanus (Oudm.) (T. rhenanus) and T. nesbitti Wom. are listed as being responsible in India, possibly as vectors of the pathogenic fungus Gibberella fujikuroi (Fusarium moniliforme), which they carried on their bodies and of which they facilitated the entry into the tree by their feeding injuries. No arthropod-borne virus has been proved to exist. Among chemical control measures cited as effective in India are sprays of diazinon, phosphamidon, parathion, thiometon, benomyl, Aphidan [S-[(ethylsulfinyl)methyl] O,O-bis(1-methylethyl) phosphorodithioate] and chlorobenzilate (Akar 338).