Preventive control of powdery mildew disease of mango.
Akhtar K. P., Khan I. A., Kazmi M. R., Hassan R. I., Fatima B.
Author Affiliation: University of Agriculture/Mango Project, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Scientific Research - Agricultural Sciences 4 : 23-28
Abstract : Oidium mangiferae was found to be associated with powdery mildew disease of mango. Airborne conidia are released from old tissue harbouring dormant fungal hyphae under favourable weather conditions. Proper forecasting of release of airborne inoculum significantly reduced the required number of sprays needed for chemical control. Spore traps were used to monitor the concentration of airborne conidia during the months of February, March and April 1996 and 1997. Daily temperature and relative humidity were noted, and the spore counts from the spore traps were correlated to the meteorological data. There was a positive trend between rising temperature, lowering relative humidity and number of spores in the air after a low temperature, high humidity and cloudy spell of weather. The maximum spore occurrences were noted around 25°C and relative humidity of 40-60%. It took 5-8 days for the emergence of disease symptoms after the first detection of airborne conidia. Ten fungicides were tested on three mango varieties (Langra, Dashehari, and Anwar Retol). Preventive sprays at the stage of first detection of airborne conidia were effective in controlling the disease. Optimal timing of two sprays of fungicide were sufficient to provide preventive control (>90%). The susceptibility of inflorescence varied with its developmental stage. Proper forecasting reduced the number of sprays from 7 to 2 or 3. There was no varietal difference in incidence of the disease or response to fungicide applications. During the course of this study, we identified seedling plants which consistently showed resistance to powdery mildew.