Mycotoxic potential of some higher plants.
Pandey M. K., Singh A. K., Singh R. B.
Author Affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, N.D. University of Agr. and Tech., Kumarganj, Faizabad - 224 229 (U.P.), India.
Plant Disease Research 17 : 51-56
Abstract : The mycotoxicity of leaf extracts from 49 angiosperms collected in Uttar Pradesh, India were screened against Helminthosoporium sativum [Cochliobolus sativus]. The leaf extract of Mangifera indica completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungus. Four plant species, viz. Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, Lawsonia inermis and Matricaria chamomila [Chamomilla recutita] showed more than 90% toxicity while the remaining plant species exhibited moderate to poor mycotoxicity against the test fungus. On assaying different parts of Mangifera indica, leaf and seed extracts were found to possess strong toxicity. The leaf extract completely inhibited the growth of the test fungus up to 1:10 dilution and remained effective up to the 50th day of storage. The fungitoxicity of the extract was thermostable up to 100°C and even on autoclaving. The minimum inhibitory concentration for absolute inhibition of the fungus by Matricaria oil and Mangiferin was 1000 ppm and 800 ppm, respectively. Both the plant products were better than the commercial fungicides in terms of inhibiting the test fungus, restricting the spore germination and formation of the inhibition zone.