The study on the biological control of mango anthracnose. (I) Microflora on mango leaves and screening of antagonists.
Moromizato Z., Takushi T., Taba S., Adaniya S., Motomura K.
Author Affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture 47 : 34-41
Abstract : Microorganisms were isolated from mango leaves of each developmental stage using the dilution plate method, and the shift of microflora during the developmental stages was examined. In addition, microflora under greenhouse conditions was studied and compared with that in the phyllosphere. Pigments were frequently isolated both in the air and leaves of each developmental stage due to the presence of bacteria. For Gram stainability, the ratio of positive and negative was almost similar in the air, although Gram-negative bacteria predominated on living leaves and shifted to positive ones on litter leaves. As for the fungal flora, various kinds of fungi were collected in the air, which showed a complex flora, while the flora on the leaves were simpler. Cladosporium and Penicillium species were isolated from both the air and leaves of each developmental stage. The bacterial and fungal isolates on the leaves or in the air were exposed to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata], the causal agent of mango anthracnose and antagonistic ability was tested. Although a few fungi displayed strong antagonism to bacteria, many fungi such as those from the genus Penicillium inhibited hyphal growth of the pathogen, with P. citrinum and P. expansum showing the strongest effect.