An improved method of proliferation of proembryogenic calluses of Mangifera indica L. var. Amrapali for scale-up of somatic embryo production.
Hussain Ara, Uma Jaiswal, Jaiswal V. S.
Author Affiliation: Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
Indian Journal of Biotechnology 3 : 229-234
Abstract : Rapid enhancement of proliferation of PECs (proembryogenic calluses), obtained from the excised nucellus tissue of mango cv. Amrapali, with high efficiency somatic embryo production has been achieved by manipulating the medium with different growth regulators. Among the growth regulators tested, 1.0 mg 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid)/litre and 1.0 mg NAA (?-naphthalene acetic acid)/litre, either alone or with 1.0 mg Kn (kinetin)/litre, stimulated proliferation of the PEC in both the liquid and solid medium; although, it was more profuse (5 times) in the liquid medium. Depending upon the physical state and growth regulator(s) supplemented to the medium, the PECs appeared in three morphotypes. Type-III PEC, which was in the form of fine suspensions of dispersible and highly proliferating single cells and small cell aggregates, showed greater potentially for differentiation of somatic embryos in both states of the medium; however, in liquid medium, the globular somatic embryos dedifferentiated and callused soon after their differentiation. In contrast, on the semisolid medium, these globular somatic embryos successfully developed into cotyledonary stage. Type-III PEC (10 mg) had the capacity to produce up to 350 somatic embryos on semisolid medium. Such somatic embryos matured and grew into plantlets. The method offers a possibility of rapid multiplication in mango cv. Amrapali.