Temporal progress of "Witches' broom" (Fusarium subglutinans and F. oxysporum) disease in mango (Mangifera indica L.) orchards cv. Haden in Michoacan, Mexico.
Mora-Aguilera A., Téliz-Ortiz D., Mora-Aguilera G., Sánchez-García P., Javier-Mercado J.
Author Affiliation: Colegio de Postgraduados (CP), Instituto de Fitosanidad, km 36.5, Carr. México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Edo. de México 56230, Mexico.
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología 21 : 1-12
Abstract : The temporal progress of witches' broom (Fusarium subglutinans [Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans] and F. oxysporum) epidemics was studied in mango cv. Haden in El Huaco and Cajones, Gabriel Zamora, Michoacan, Mexico, during the 1996/97 and 1997/98 cropping seasons. A total of 76 out of 78 epidemics, characterized by the Weibull model, had a r2?0.9 0 with Y0 values ranging from 0.5 to 0.8% and a Yf from 11 to 21.1%. The highest population densities of Aceria mangiferae was observed during flowering, harvest and vegetative growth under the presence of rains. A. mangiferae was correlated with relative humidity (?80%; r = 0.88) and temperatures between 30 and 34.9°C (r = 83). The association of the mite and the disease had a low statistical significance (r = 0.68). Fusarium spp. was isolated from asymptomatic (5-15%) and diseased (25-60%) tissues. The highest Fusarium spp. macroconidial density was observed during the main vegetative growth. The disease was correlated with the density of Fusarium spp. spores (r = 0.86), and the inoculum in the air at temperatures of 20 to 26.9°C (r = 0.85), relative humidity (>90%; r = 0.96), wind speed (?10 km/h; r = 0.85) and north wind direction (r = 0.87).