Disease situation of some major fruit crops in new alluvial plains of West Bengal.
Awasthi D. P., Sarkar S., Mishra N. K., Kaiser S. A. K. M.
Author Affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741 252, India.
Environment and Ecology 23S : 497-499
Abstract : A survey of different orchards, nurseries and markets undertaken during January 2002 to August 2003 in new alluvial plains of West Bengal, India, revealed the prevalence of different diseases of some major fruit crops. On mango, four diseases, namely anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata]), leaf blight (Macrophoma mangiferae), Phoma blight (Phoma glomerata) and red rust (Cephaleuros sp.), were found to occur in the orchard and two diseases, namely vegetative malformation (Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans [F. subglutinans]) and wilt (Fusarium sp.) in the nursery, while two diseases, namely anthracnose (C. gloeosporioides) and Diplodia stem end rot (Diplodia natalensis [Botryodiplodia theobromae]) are the major problems causing postharvest fruit rots. On guava, wilt (Macrophomina phaseolina) is a major problem in the orchard and nursery in addition to some postharvest fruit rots, namely canker (Pestalotia psidii [Pestalotiopsis psidii]), Sclerotium rot and anthracnose (C. gloeosporioides). On citrus, twig blight (Phytophthora sp.) and canker (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri [X. axonopodis pv. citri]) are the major problems in the nursery and orchard, while anthracnose (C. gloeosporioides), canker (X. campestris pv. citri) and Penicillium rot of ripe fruits. Litchi suffers from algal rust (Cephaleuros sp.) on mature tree, while ripe fruits suffer from postharvest fruit rots due to Aspergillus niger and Fusarium semitectum [F. pallidoroseum]. Banana suffers most from moko disease (Pseudomonas solanacearum [Ralstonia solanacearum]) followed by sigatoka leaf spot (Cercospora musae [Mycosphaerella musicola]) and Panama wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense). Jackfruit mainly suffers from leaf spot (Phyllosticta artocarpina) and tender fruit rot (Rhizopus artocarpi [Rhizopus stolonifer var. stolonifer]).