Biological control of anthracnose [Collelotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc.] and its effect of posharvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.).
Carrillo-Fasio J. A., García-Estrada R. S., Muy-Rangel M. D., Sañudo-Barajas A., Márquez-Zequera I., Allende-Molar R., Garza-Ruiz Z. de la, Patiño-Vera M., Galindo-Fentanes E.
Author Affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Apdo. Postal 32A, Unidad Culiacán, km 5.5 Carr. Culiacán-ElDorado, Culiacán, Sinaloa, C.P. 80129, Mexico.
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología 23 : 24-32
Abstract : The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effectiveness of preharvest application of Bacillus subtilis, Rhodotorula minuta and their combination, for postharvest control of anthracnose in mango (cultivar Kent) and its effect on the postharvest quality of mango fruit. The effect of the biofungicides was compared with disease development on fruit treated with a chemical product and with untreated fruit. Five treatments were evaluated: R. minuta 108 ufc/mL; B. subtilis 106 ufc/mL; R. minuta 106 ufc/mL+B. subtilis 104 ufc/mL; benomyl 0.5 g/L; and untreated fruits. Five applications were made previous to mango harvest. Harvested fruits were stored up to 15 days at 20°C and 85% RH. After 15 days of storage, the biocontrol agents showed higher effectiveness in anthracnose control as compared to the chemical treatment. Significant difference was found between individual and combined application of the antagonistic microorganisms. After 15 days of storage and according to the Friedman test, untreated fruit showed an anthracnose severity rank of 60.5, while the chemical treatment was 41.7. The mixture R. minuta and B. subtilis provided the greatest disease reduction (severity 8.0) being a promising treatment for a possible commercial use. The postharvest fruit quality was not affected negatively by the application of the biological treatments; a normal development of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and firmness evolution was observed.