References on Mango

Ríos E., Toledo J., Mota-Sanchez D.

Author Affiliation: Dirección de Operaciones de Campo, Programa Moscamed, SAGARPA, Calle Central Poniente # 14, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico.
Manejo Integrado de Plagas y Agroecología  : 41-49

Abstract : McPhail traps baited with national and imported commercial food attractants (ten hydrolysed proteins and yeasts used in food manufacturing) and three natural byproducts including molasses, fermented pineapple peel, and sugar water were evaluated for their ability to capture native adults of the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens in citrus and mango orchards and sterile flies in another mango orchard. The orchards were located in the Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico. The food attractants Torula yeast, Bayer protein, hydrolysed protein (Prothidex), inactive yeast (Azteca), and the hydrolysed protein Staley (SIB-7) were most effective in the capture of wild and sterile flies in citrus and mango orchards. Other solid and liquid national hydrolysed proteins demonstrated intermediate efficiency in the capture of the Mexican fruit fly. Fermented pineapple peel, with an intermediate capture index, has great potential for poor farmers because of its low cost and high availability. In the citrus experiment the Bayer protein was a poor attractant of adult fruit flies. However, in both mango experiments the Bayer protein was a good fly attractant. In all experiments, molasses resulted in limited attraction of flies, perhaps due to the stock used in the experiments. Further, improvement of fruit fly attraction of national hydrolysed proteins in Latin American countries with a local food processing industry will allow the development of lower cost attractants for monitoring adults of the Mexican fruit fly and perhaps also the use of those proteins mixed with insecticides for the attract and kill technology. Pineapple juice could also be a bait option for small fruit producers.